cultural diversity encompasses all of the following factors except

." Earley, P. C., & Mosakowski, E. (2004). Prospective Students Ethnocentrism leads organizations to adopt universal principles when doing business around the globe and may backfire. To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member. Hiring members from different types of backgrounds not only gives your workplace more talent, skills, and experiences, but it also helps you understand all clients and their needs better. Article 2 From cultural diversity to cultural pluralism. Start today by requesting a demo or posting a job for free to discover how Workable can help you find and hire great people. Presently, international business is not necessarily conducted between pairs of countries. Dr. Belfield continues to have valuable experiences, lifelong mentors, and friendships that have made her personal and professional life quite meaningful and fulfilling. One of the most important ways in which power distance is manifested in the workplace is that in high power distance cultures, employees are unlikely to question the power and authority of their manager, and conformity to the manager will be expected. This diversity is embodied in the uniqueness and plurality of the identities of the groups and societies making up humankind. People who differ in some ethnic or sociological way from the parent culture belong to a(n) ______. Diversity is a satisfying mix of ideas, cultures, races, genders, economic statuses and other characteristics necessary for promoting growth and learning among a group. Health, Culture and Community. In contrast, cultures such as Iran and Russia are lower in uncertainty avoidance, and companies in these regions do not have rule-oriented cultures. It implies a commitment to human rights and fundamental freedoms, in particular the rights of persons belonging to minorities and those of indigenous peoples. Individualism-collectivism, power distance, uncertainty avoidance, and masculinityfemininity are four key dimensions in which cultures vary. whose cultural backgrounds differ from your own. For example, having different tastes in music, movies, or books is not what we usually refer to as diversity. Address the myths, stereotypes, and cultural differences that interfere with the full contribution of members. a) The ability to be open to learning about and accepting of different cultural groups b) A belief that racial differences produce inherent superiority of a particular race c) A generalization of characteristics that is applied to all members of a cultural group d) Biological concept that defines groups of human beings based on a set of Ignoring cultural differences, norms, and local habits may be costly for businesses and may lead to unmotivated and dissatisfied employees. Proclaimsthe following principles and adopts the present Declaration: Article 1 Cultural diversity: the common heritage of humanity. In this sense, it is the common heritage of humanity and should be recognized and affirmed for the benefit of present and future generations. An expatriate is someone who is temporarily assigned to a position in a foreign country. Grant has divided his life into early life, midlife, and more recent life, and he has worked on composing a sentence to summarize each of these three stages of his life. In high power distance cultures, people occupying more powerful positions such as managers, teachers, or those who are older are viewed as more powerful and deserving of a higher level of respect. The chapter begins by examining the broad arenas of difference, diversity, and diversity management, as they have become established in organization and management studies. 18. They are likely part of. Cultures vary across the globe but every society has culture. 1. Ability Andrea identifies as a member of the second largest ethnic group in the United States. Medical Anthropology in Ecological Perspective, 3rd edition. 844-PURDUE-G Culture and CEO compensation. Cultures vary across the globe but. Patriachal values can also be harmful to the health of girls and women. Culture isn't simply an individual response or taste or desire but it is deeply integrated into our society. Its like a teacher waved a magic wand and did the work for me. Asian countries such as China and Japan, as well as countries in Latin America are higher in collectivism. Fowler, G. A., Steinberg, B., & Patrick, A. O. How does culture influence the proper leadership style and reward system that would be suitable for organizations? Sweden and the Netherlands are examples of feminine cultures. McElroy, A., and Townsend, P. (1996). Such values have a pervasive influence in many settings, mainly in traditional agricultural societies, but also in some urbanized economies. Diversity encompasses the qualities and characteristics that distinguish individuals from one another. It is bordered by the Red Sea to the west; Jordan, Iraq, and Kuwait to the north; the . While performed in many predominantly Islamic countries, this procedure is not a religious ritual, and is not condoned by any Islamic scripture. Our political system depends on all of the following types of people EXCEPT. BIBLIOGRAPHY When individualists are asked a question such as Who are you? 19. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 17, 225248. C)they motivate high levels of individual and collective task performance. Jews who practice circumcision have lower incidence and death rates than gentiles from cancer of the male genital tract, perhaps related to sexual hygiene and reduced risk of infection with carcinogenic viruses. "Cultural Factors 2. Organizational Dynamics, 33, 98109. (see also: African Americans; Anthropology in Public Health; Asian Americans; Assimilation; Cultural Anthropology; Ethnicity and Health; Folk Medicine; Hispanic Cultures; Race and Ethnicity; Theories of Health and Illness; Traditional Health Beliefs, Practices; Women's Health ). For example, millennials, GenZers and GenXers can coexist in the same workplace. CULTURAL DIVERSITY AND INTERNATIONAL SOLIDARITY, Article 10 Strengthening capacities for creation and dissemination worldwide. Fostering the exchange of knowledge and best practices in regard to cultural pluralism with a view to facilitating, in diversified societies, the inclusion and participation of persons and groups from varied cultural backgrounds. Individualism-collectivism: A study of cross-cultural researchers. Culture includes a lot of different things. When Marc actively attempts to de-marginalize himself and the group he belongs to, he is using which strategy? For the British market, the advertisers localized the humor (Fowler, Steinberg, & Patrick, 2007). Developing cultural policies, including operational support arrangements and/or appropriate regulatory frameworks, designed to promote the principles enshrined in this Declaration, in accordance with the international obligations incumbent upon each State. She earned a bachelors degree in psychology from Mansfield University, a masters degree in social relations from Lehigh University, and a doctorate degree in educational leadership from Wilmington University. Similarly, in Turkey, students in elementary and high schools greet their teacher by standing up every time the teacher walks into the classroom. Cross-national, cross-cultural organizational behavior research: Advances, gaps, and recommendations. Involving the various sections of civil society closely in the framing of public policies aimed at safeguarding and promoting cultural diversity. Discussing the surprisingly high percentage of cancers caused by secondhand smoke would most likely be an example of which attention-getting technique? Uncertainty avoidance refers to the degree to which people feel threatened by ambiguous, risky, or unstructured situations. Imagine that you will be sent to live in a foreign country different from your own in a month. See Answer Assisting in the emergence or consolidation of cultural industries in the developing countries and countries in transition and, to this end, cooperating in the development of the necessary infrastructures and skills, fostering the emergence of viable local markets, and facilitating access for the cultural products of those countries to the global market and international distribution networks. The health of girls and women is particularly sensitive to cultural influences. According to the American Psychological Association, personal identity is an individual's sense of self defined by (a) a set of physical, psychological, and interpersonal characteristics that is not wholly shared with any other person and (b) a range of affiliations (e.g., ethnicity) and social roles. High power distance within a culture may easily cause misunderstandings with those from low power distance societies. D)they represent an effective control mechanism. Which of the following is NOT a suggestion for the ways to conduct your self-analysis? c. Some people tend to be more optimistic than others, and they focus on the good points of their job rather than the bad ones. Which of the following is NOT a component of your effort to develop, support, and organize your speech? That sounds simple, but diversity encompasses race, gender, ethnic group, age, per-sonality, cognitive style, tenure, organizational function, edu-cation, background, and . Humans acquire culture through the learning processes of . See more on the definition of diversity and biases. Want more definitions? But usually, when it comes to workplaces, there are seven types of diversity we pay attention to. Recognizing and encouraging the contribution that the private sector can make to enhancing cultural diversity and facilitating, to that end, the establishment of forums for dialogue between the public sector and the private sector. C. Rosado,What Makes a School Multicultural?, accessed December 2010. 3. Instead, these cultures seem to prefer paternalistic leadersleaders who are authoritarian but make decisions while showing a high level of concern toward employees as if they were family members (Javidan & Dastmalchian, 2003; Ryan et al., 1999). In many countries, it is possible to talk about the existence of cultures based on region or geography. Powerful people are supposed to act powerful, while those in inferior positions are expected to show respect. A Citibank manager in Saudi Arabia was surprised when employees stood up every time he passed by (Denison, Haaland, & Goelzer, 2004). It is for each State, with due regard to its international obligations, to define its cultural policy and to implement it through the means it considers fit, whether by operational support or appropriate regulations. Of course, talking about national cultures does not mean that national cultures are uniform. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 12, 738753. | 15 Personnel Psychology, 52, 359391. all of the following strategies are critical components of multicultural education EXCEPT: tracking, cooperative learning, parental involvement, collaboration. Melville Jean Herskovits (18951963) was an American anthropologist. No one may invoke cultural diversity to infringe upon human rights guaranteed by international law, nor to limit their scope. Every student is unique. Culture is that which shapes us; it shapes our identity and influences our behavior. (b) serve as a reference point and a forum where States, international governmental and nongovernmental organizations, civil society and the private sector may join together in elaborating concepts, objectives and policies in favour of cultural diversity; We can learn from one another, but first we must have a level of understanding about each other in order to facilitate collaboration and cooperation. Anthropoligists and epidemiologists have identified many associations between culture, customs, and risks to health. International Studies of Management & Organization, 10(4), 1541. Research also shows that cultural variation with respect to these four dimensions influence employee job behaviors, attitudes, well-being, motivation, leadership, negotiations, and many other aspects of organizational behavior (Hofstede, 1980; Tsui, Nifadkar, & Ou, 2007). Public health specialists must be aware of these and other cultural trends, and they must endeavor to mobilize beneficial cultural influences while discouraging unhealthy ones. Boulder, CO: Westview Press. Within the Cite this article tool, pick a style to see how all available information looks when formatted according to that style. Culture (/ k l t r /) is an umbrella term which encompasses the social behavior, institutions, and norms found in human societies, as well as the knowledge, beliefs, arts, laws, customs, capabilities, and habits of the individuals in these groups. This glossary and its definitions provide a starting point for engaging in open and honest conversation, and is a tool meant to . It's the food that we eat, how close we stand to another person while having a conversation, or what we feel like is appropriate dress. This tells us things about our culture. Retrieved November 12, 2008, from http://www.geert-hofstede.com/hofstede_dimensions.php. 22 Feb. 2023 . Power distance refers to the degree to which the society views an unequal distribution of power as acceptable. The flourishing of creative diversity requires the full implementation of cultural rights as defined in Article 27 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and in Articles 13 and 15 of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. presenting evidence for specific ideas contained in the speech, An effective introduction accomplishes all of the following EXCEPT, Use off-color humor to upset the audience. Proper management of workforce diversity involves all of the following EXCEPT: Select one: a. Encyclopedia.com. The speaker reduces the chances of alienating the members of the audience. Those who, for religious reasons, abstain from tea, coffee, alcohol, and tobacco have smaller risks of getting cancer of the gastrointestinal or respiratory tract than others of similar social, economic, and residential background. Employees had interpreted this to mean that the company no longer cared about their families (Raphael, 2001). The Japanese saying the nail that sticks up gets hammered down illustrates that being different from the group is undesirable. By opening the lines of communication in the planning phase of the project, Convergys was alerted to this important cultural difference in time to change the plans (Fisher, 2005). Countering the digital divide, in close cooperation in relevant United Nations system organizations, by fostering access by the developing countries to the new technologies, by helping them to master information technologies and by facilitating the digital dissemination of endogenous cultural products and access by thosecountries to the educational, cultural and scientific digital resources available worldwide. The pervasive influence of the media, especially television, in almost all contemporary societies projects cultural values and behavior that emanate from the American entertainment industry. Cultural intelligence. The impact of collectivism and in-group/out-group membership on the evaluation generosity of team members. In India and other parts of Asia, traffic flows with rules of its own, with people disobeying red lights, stopping and loading passengers in highways, or honking continuously for no apparent reason. An ethnic group refers to people who are closely related to each other through characteristics such as culture, language, and religion.3 There are many ethnic groups in the United States, due in large part to its immigrant population; each of these groups contributes to Americas cultural heritage. You'll get a detailed solution from a subject matter expert that helps you learn core concepts. citizens who attempt to convince others to vote like them. When collectivists are asked the same question, they are more likely to define themselves in relation to others, such as I am Chinese or I am the daughter of a doctor and a homemaker. Countries such as the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia are examples of individualistic cultures. Encyclopedias almanacs transcripts and maps. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 31, 703724. Multimethod probes on individualism and collectivism. But, as gender is increasingly redefined, the term gender diversity may be more appropriate, since there are multiple variations in gender and sexual orientation. Diversity is a set of conscious practices that involve understanding and appreciating interdependence of humanity, cultures, and the natural environment; practicing mutual respect for qualities and experiences that are different from our own; understanding that diversity includes not only ways of being but also ways of knowing; recognizing that personal, cultural, and institutionalized . FILL OUT OUR SURVEY. This is important because it can make us feel like our experience in our world has meaning that we can share with one another. Question 6 (4 points) Social context is impacted by all of the following factors EXCEPT: Individual thoughts Ethnic diversity Historical influences Language diversity Globalization This problem has been solved! Retrieved January 29, 2009, from http://www.nvtc.gov/lotw/months/november/USschoollanguages.htm. Further recallingArticle I of the Constitution, which assigns to UNESCO among other purposes that of recommending "such international agreements as may be necessary to promote the free flow of ideas by word and image". The "melting-pot" concept of nationality reduces this diversity with successive generations, but considerable variation remainsdistinguishing rural from urban, African American from European, East Asian from South Asian, religious believers from secularists. In cultures high in femininity such as Norway and Sweden, work arrangements such as telecommuting seem to be more popular compared to cultures higher in masculinity like Italy and the United Kingdom. Tell students that Kenneth Prewitt, former director of the U.S. Census Bureau, has said of the United States that "we're on our way to becoming the first country in history that is literally made up of every part of the world." Ask: What do you think he meant? A speaker which is not self-centered, but motivated by an understanding of receivers is, To penetrate the invisible shield they use to protect themselves from information irrelevance, relate your ideas to all of the following EXCEPT, Choosing the right topic means choosing a topic that is appropriate for all of the following EXCEPT. As a result of these trends, understanding the role of national culture for organizational behavior may provide you with a competitive advantage in your career. In the face of current imbalances in flows and exchanges of cultural goods at the global level, it is necessary to reinforce international cooperation and solidarity aimed at enabling all countries, especially developing countries and countries in transition, to establish cultural industries that are viable and competitive at national and international level. Describe some ways in which national culture affects organizational behavior. For example, the limp handshake someone from India may give or a job candidate from Chad who is looking at the floor throughout the interview are in fact showing their respect, but these behaviors may be interpreted as indicating a lack of confidence or even disrespect in low power distance cultures. In contrast, feminine cultures are cultures that value maintaining good relationships, caring for the weak, and emphasizing quality of life. Adapted fromPromoting Cultural Diversity and Cultural Competency, accessed December 2010. 12. 14. Managers in these cultures may be more used to an authoritarian style with lower levels of participative leadership demonstrated. In our increasingly diverse societies, it is essential to ensure harmonious interaction among people and groups with plural, varied and dynamic cultural identities as well as their willingness to live together. Individualistic cultures are cultures in which people define themselves as an individual and form looser ties with their groups. Quotes on Nonviolence by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. ExcelTrack Master of Business Administration, Associate of Applied Science (For Military Students), View All Criminal Justice Degree Programs, Associate of Applied of Science (For Military Students), Associate of Science (For Military Students), View All Information Technology Degree Programs, ExcelTrack Bachelor of Science (RN-to-BSN), View All Professional Studies Degree Programs, Try our military transfer credit estimator >, Promoting Cultural Diversity and Cultural Competency, 16% Hispanic or Latino origin (may be of any race). We lose what percentage of what we hear over a very short time? Encyclopedia of Public Health. Freeborders, a software company based in San Francisco, California, found that even though it was against company policy, Chinese employees were routinely sharing salary information with their coworkers. Simply put, some cultures are more egalitarian than others. Such values may sometimes be over-ridden by short-term priorities such as job security or financial gain. The Baxters are building a swimming pool in their backyard. B. Want to create or adapt books like this? Organization Science, 15, 657670. For example, you may sometimes hear the term gender balance used by companies trying to achieve a 50-50 balance between employees who identify as male and employees who identify as female. When the situation was investigated, it became clear that the new manager of the subsidiary had gotten rid of a monthly fiesta for company employees and their families under the assumption that it was a waste of time and money. Such actions have, unfortunately, often been encouraged by the tobacco industry and advertisers of beer and other alcoholic drinks. Create an account to start this course today. With the increasing importance of international business as well as the culturally diverse domestic workforce, what can organizations do to manage cultural diversity? While familiarizing employees about culture, emphasizing the importance of interpersonal skills regardless of cultural background will be important. When attempting to startle or shock your audience as an attention-getting technique, you should ask all of the following except. Cultural competence is greatly required when it comes to social work. d. Tell me about yourself, they are more likely to talk about their likes and dislikes, personal goals, or accomplishments. Ergeneli, A., Gohar, R., & Temirbekova, Z. The tool provides specific advice about interpersonal interactions with these cultures (Hamm, 2008). Understanding the importance of family in collectivistic cultures is critical to understanding their work behaviors. Aperian: Helping companies bridge cultures. Similarly, Greece is a culture relatively high in uncertainty avoidance, and Greek employees working in hierarchical and rule-oriented companies report lower levels of stress (Joiner, 2001). Masculine cultures are also characterized by a separation of gender roles. For example, GlobeSmart by Aperian Global is an online tool that helps employees learn how to deal with people from around the world. For example, a cultural ideal in the U.S. that is deeply ingrained is the idea that women should be primarily responsible for child care. More than a century of ethnographic research profoundly supports the theory of cultural relativity, the theory that, Culture areas are geographical territories in which characteristic culture patterns are recognizable through repeated associations of specific traits, Herskovits, Melville Jean Trait Approaches to Leadership, 12.3 What Do Leaders Do? In addition, the world of work is becoming increasingly international. Culture as all encompassing gives us rules for how to structure our life. Culture and organizations. 4. A tragic example is the spread of HIV/AIDS (human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome), particularly in Africa, where economic necessity shapes choices that are often hazardous to health. Question: Sociocultural factors include all but which of the following? The term culturally diverse is often used interchangeably with the concept of multiculturalism. Multiculturalism is defined as: a system of beliefs and behaviors thatrecognizesandrespectsthe presence of all diverse groups in an organization or society,acknowledgesand valuestheir socio-cultural differences, andencouragesand enables their continued contribution within an inclusive cultural context whichempowersall within the organization or society.4, Sociologist Dr. Caleb Rosado, who specializes in diversity and multiculturalism, described seven important actions involved in the definition of multiculturalism:5. Therefore, there will be a greater level of creating procedures to deal with problems and writing out expected behaviors in manuals. People will be more submissive to their superiors and may take orders without questioning the manager (Kirkman, Gibson, & Shapiro, 2001). For example, in one study, more than 75% of the subjects in Philippines viewed team-based pay as fair, while less than 50% of the U.S.-based subjects viewed team-based rewards as fair (Kirkman, Gibson, & Shapiro, 2001). A) consumerism B) shifting demographics C) dominant religions D) availability of labor Sociocultural factors.

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